Congress passes laws regulating the military budget. This demonstrates:

Congress passes laws regulating the military budget. This demonstrates:

• A. Checks and balances
• B. Judicial power
• C. Federalism
• D. Executive authority

Answer: (A)

Controlling the military budget is a clear demonstration of checks and balances—one branch (Congress) limiting the actions of another (the President) through the power of appropriation. Since military funding must be approved by Congress, the President cannot fund or fully operate the armed forces without legislative authorization. This creates civilian oversight over military policy and acts as a constraint on executive power. This scenario isn’t about the judiciary’s role, which would involve courts; nor is it about federalism, which concerns the division of power between national and state governments; nor does it describe executive authority, which would focus on the President’s own powers rather than how Congress can constrain them.

Controlling the military budget is a clear demonstration of checks and balances—one branch (Congress) limiting the actions of another (the President) through the power of appropriation. Since military funding must be approved by Congress, the President cannot fund or fully operate the armed forces without legislative authorization. This creates civilian oversight over military policy and acts as a constraint on executive power.

This scenario isn’t about the judiciary’s role, which would involve courts; nor is it about federalism, which concerns the division of power between national and state governments; nor does it describe executive authority, which would focus on the President’s own powers rather than how Congress can constrain them.